Efforts to prevent the blowing up of Ķegums HPP
Während des Zweiten Weltkriegs wurde beim Rückzug der Armeen ein Großteil der militärisch und logistisch wichtigen Objekte in Lettland gesprengt, damit diese Ressourcen nicht bei den heutigen Gegnern verblieben. Solche Objekte befanden sich auch in der Nähe von Ķegums, wo eines der wichtigsten Objekte das HPP Ķegums ist, das jedoch aufgrund der Bemühungen und Mühen seiner Mitarbeiter nicht vollständig zerstört wurde.
Ich werde diesen Tag erzählen, wie ich es gehört und herausgefunden habe, als ich Dokumente für das Kegums History Museum gesammelt habe. Es sind einige Tatsachen bekannt, aber auch unbekanntere, die ebenfalls nicht vollständig geklärt werden dürften.
Im Wissen, wie die Deutschen alles in die Luft sprengen, war diese Perspektive auch den Menschen in Kegumi klar. Darüber hinaus, als die in Ķegums stationierte Wacheinheit, das Zonder-Team, mit dem Abbau der Brücke begann, dachten und arbeiteten Pāvels Krasovskis, der Direktor von Ķegums HPP, und wahrscheinlich auch seine Gleichgesinnten und Mitarbeiter, deren Namen wir nicht kennen, und arbeiteten aktiv um das Kraftwerk so weit wie möglich zu schonen. Krasovsky befahl den Zugang zu den Galerien unter dem Damm, um Sprengstoff zu verhindern. Als Jäger ging er auf die Jagd nach Sunāksti, obwohl sich die deutsche Selbstverwaltung bereits 1942 weigerte, die Genehmigung zum Halten von Jagdwaffen zu verlängern (Fakt). Aber tatsächlich traf er sich dort mit den Männern der Guerilla-Einheit, angeführt von Oshkalns, Samson. Sie scheinen vereinbart zu haben, dass Samson und seine Männer im September Kegums besetzen, die Bombardierung verhindern und sie bis zum Eintreffen der Russen halten werden. Dieser Plan ist auch der russischen Armeeführung bekannt. Dies wird durch die Tatsache belegt, dass Kegums nie durch die Bombardierung aller strategisch wichtigen Drehkreuze durch die russische Luftfahrt geschädigt wurde. Und die Tatsache, dass am 28. Juli eine Landung mit dem Codenamen „Red Arrow“ auf Toms Seite abgeworfen wurde, der möglicherweise mit Samson bei der Operation zusammenarbeiten musste. Aber auch die deutsche Spionagemaschine funktionierte, und Mitte September wurde die Landung vollständig zerstört. Krasovsky sagte seiner Frau, dass Samson nicht rechtzeitig angekommen sei. Samsons sagt, dass er aufgrund seines Verrats nicht nach Ķegums gehen konnte. Am selben Tag wurden in Ķegum auch Osmanis, der Vater des Dichters und Schriftstellers Jāzeps Osmanis, Bērziņš und Giruckis sowie HPP-Mitarbeiter festgenommen. Krasovsky wurde aus dem Rigaer Zentralgefängnis in das Lager Stutthof, dann in das Lager Sachsenhausen verlegt, wo er am 12. Februar 1945 starb (Bescheinigung des Internationalen Roten Kreuzes). Osman starb offenbar auf dem Weg von Stuthof nach Saxhausen. Aber Bērziņš war damals auf der Krankenstation, dann nach Sachsenhausen geschickt, aber auf dem Weg dorthin ließen ihn die Amerikaner frei, und als er nach Hause kam, arbeitete er im Kraftwerk und starb 1978. Nach diesen Verhaftungen wurde das Zonder-Team sofort ersetzt. Am zweiten Tag, dem 17. September, gab es den ersten Flug der russischen Luftfahrt nach Kegums, und dann waren viele Kegums bereits abgereist. Zum Direktor wurde der Baltendeutsche Bētiņš ernannt.
Wenige Tage vor dem Einmarsch der russischen Armee (am 7. Oktober) ließen die Deutschen ihre Minen frei. Beide langen Spannweiten der Brücke sind gesprengt, ein Segmentverschluss (aber die Staumauer und die Dämme sind dann intakt!). Alle drei Generatoren wurden im Maschinenraum gesprengt und dann ausgebrannt, ein Sprengstoff wurde in die vierte Turbine gefeuert und zwei Schaufeln wurden abgerissen (diese Turbine ist im Kegums History Museum zu sehen) und der Kontrollraum wurde ausgebrannt . Aber die Freiluftverteilungsanlage ist komplett zerstört, kein ganzer Transformator, Schalter, Messwandler, Stütze. Schrotthaufen! Und dieselben Deutschen mussten all diese Schäden beseitigen und die Ausrüstung wieder aufbauen, jetzt als Gefangene. Ihre Gebeine liegen immer noch auf dem Gelände des Schulstadions von Ķegums. Das Kraftwerk wurde in drei Jahren renoviert.
Haunzems, H. 1996. "Daugava und wir", S. 57-58
Zugehörige Zeitleiste
Zugehörige Objekte
The German army's concrete fire point in the Kegum HPP reservoir near the Nega inlet
It is located in the Ķegum HPP reservoir at the Nega inlet (in front of the Nega houses), on its left bank. One of the most visually and scenically impressive and also the best-preserved concrete fireplaces, washed by the waves of the Daugava. It can be seen from a larger piece. A footbridge has been built from the shore to the top of the fire point (overgrown with grass). Narrow-gauge railway (?) tracks embedded in the concrete walls of the fire station. You can get inside from the side of the footbridge. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP.
Concrete fire point of the German army at the top of the bank of the Ķegum HPP in front of Andulii
It is located about 1.2 km east of a small extension of the stream (the stream flows near Lejasgrantiniņi) at the top of the steep bank slope of the Ķegum HPP in front of Andulii. The shore in this place is overgrown with forest and undergrowth, so only a keen observer will notice this fire point from the side of the reservoir. The fire point is well preserved as it has not been damaged by coastal erosion. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP, as it is located in a private area.
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegums HPP reservoir in front of Sidrabini
It is located about 0.25 km east of the Ķegum HPP reservoir bay near Silapūpēži, in the direction of Jaunjelgava, opposite the Sidrabiņi farm. The point of fire has slipped partially into the water and split into several parts, resembling a pile of construction debris. The coast is overgrown. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP. About 150 m west of the Daugava bank, the remains of another fire point have slipped into the water.
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegums HPP reservoir in front of Jaundauglii
It is located on the shore of the Ķegum HPP water reservoir about 0.6 km east of the Nega inlet, in front of Jaundauglii. The point of fire has slipped from the shore into the water and broken into several parts. Two larger birches have grown in it, a thicket has grown. One part of it is connected to the shore by a footbridge. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP.
German army concrete fire point on the shore of Ķegum HPP, east of Lejasgrantini
It is located about 0.25 km east of the extension of a small stream (the stream flows near Lejasgrantinin) on the slope of the shore of the Ķegums HPP. From the Jaunjelgava - Ķeguma road (P85), you can look for it by walking along the bank of the Daugava (overgrown, before that - a forest clearing). A careful observer will also notice it from the river, as lush vegetation has grown here during the summer. The concrete parts of the fire point are covered with green moss, metal and wooden structures are visible in the opening. As a result of the action of the waves of the Ķegums HPP, the fire point is located on the edge of a washed-up shore, so it can be dangerous to visit. Nearby is a deep pit (bomb pit?). This is the eighth (from Ķegum HPP, in the direction of Jaunjelgava) of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during World War 1 on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now.
Concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegum HPP near Pudurie
It is located on the peninsula at the mouth of Konupīte (currently a flooded extension of the river) in the Daugava, in the territory of the "Puduri" recreation complex. As a result of wave erosion, the fire point has tilted towards the river. To prevent bank erosion, the banks of the reservoir here have been reinforced with a concrete protective wall. The fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen well by taking a boat along the Ķegum HPP.
The remains of the concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegum HPP reservoir in front of Silapūpēži
It is located about 0.1 km east of the Ķegum HPP reservoir bay near Silapūpēži, in the direction of Jaunjelgava. The fire point has slipped partially into the water, overgrown with trees, bushes and other vegetation, and to the uninitiated, a larger piece from the water side may resemble a larger stone. One of the landmarks is a birch tree growing on it. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP. About 150 m east of the Daugava bank, the remains of another fire point have slipped into the water.
Concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegums HPP near Pludinatātii
It is located on the peninsula between Pludinātijai and the village of Latgali. As a result of wave erosion, the object has slid down the bank slope to the current water level of the river. When the water level in the Ķegum HPP reservoir is higher, it is washed by the Daugava waters. When the water level is lower, it is completely dry. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen well by taking a boat along the Ķegum HPP. The second option is to go on foot along a small path along the bank of the Daugava, which leads from the well-maintained beach "Spārītes".
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegum HPP reservoir near Podnieki
It is located in the reservoir of the Ķegum HPP, in a small bay, about 20-30 m from the Daugava bank in front of the houses of the Potters. The outline of the fire point appears only when the water level in the Ķegum HPP reservoir is lowered. The rest of the time they are under water and not visible. This is the third (from Ķegum HPP, in the direction of Jaunjelgava) of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be viewed at a lowered water level, by boat on the Ķegum HES.
Concrete fire point of the German army at the Ķegum HPP (in the Energy Museum on the territory)
It is located 300 m northwest of the Ķegums HPP dam (Ķegums prospect), in the territory of the Energy Museum. Relatively well preserved, visually impressive. It can be viewed only when visiting the Energy Museum, or from the north side, on the other side of the fence of the Ķegum HPP territory. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now.
