Efforts to prevent the blowing up of Ķegums HPP
Otrā Pasaules kara laikā, kad armijas atkāpās, liela daļa militāri un loģistiski svarīgu objektu Latvijā tika saspridzināti, lai šie resursi nepaliek tā brīša pretiniekiem. Šādi objekti bija arī Ķeguma apkārtnē, kur viens no svarīgākajiem objektiem ir tieši Ķeguma HES, kas pateicoties tā darbinieku pūlēm un centieniem tomēr netika sagrauts pilnībā.
To dienu atstāstīšu tā, kā esmu dzirdējis un, vācot dokumentus Ķeguma vēstures muzejam, noskaidrojis. Ir zināmi daži fakti, bet vairāk arī nezināmu faktu, kurus arī diezin vai izdosies pilnīgi noskaidrot.
Zinot to, kā vācieši visu spridzina, arī ķegumiešiem šī perspektīva bija skaidra. Vēl jo vairāk, kad Ķegumā izvietotā sardzes vienība, zonderkomanda, sāka mīnēt tiltu, Ķeguma HES direktors Pāvels Krasovskis un droši vien arī viņa domubiedri un līdzgaitnieki, kuru vārdus nezinām, domāja un aktīvi darbojās, lai spēkstaciju maksimāli saglābtu. Krasovskis licis aizmūrēt ieejas galerijās zem aizsprosta, lai tur neieliktu spridzekļus. Viņš, būdams mednieks, braucis uz Sunāksti medībās, kaut arī jau 1942.gadā vācu pašpārvalde viņam atteikusi pagarināt medību ieroču turēšanas atļauju (fakts). Bet faktiski viņš tur it kā ticies ar Oškalna vadītās partizānu vienības vīriem, ar Samsonu. Viņi it kā vienojušies, ka septembrī Samsons ar saviem vīriem ieņems Ķegumu, novērsīs spridzināšanu un noturēs to līdz krievu ienākšanai. Šis plāns ir bijis zināms arī krievu armijas pavēlniecībai. Par to liecina fakts, ka krievu aviācijai bombardējot visus stratēģiski svarīgos mezglus, Ķegums ne reizi nav aizskarts. Un arī fakts, ka 28.jūlijā Tomes pusē tika nomests desants ar kodēto nosaukumu “Sarkanā bulta”, kuram iespējams vajadzēja sadarboties ar Samsonu šajā operācijā. Bet vācu spiegošanas mašīna arī strādāja, un septembra vidū dažu dienu laikā desants ticis pilnīgi iznīcināts. Krasovskis teicis sievai, ka paredzētajā laikā Samsons nav atnācis. Samsons saka, ka nodevības dēļ viņš nav varējis uz Ķegumu tikt… 16.septembrī Krasovskis izsaukts uz Rīgu pie priekšniecības un tur arestēts (fakts). Tanī pašā dienā Ķegumā arestēti arī Osmanis, dzejnieka un rakstnieka Jāzepa Osmaņa tēvs, Bērziņš un Giruckis, HES strādnieki. Krasovskis no Rīgas Centrālcietuma pārsūtīts uz Štuthofas nometni, pēc tam uz Zaksenhauzenas nometni, kur 1945.gada 12.februārī miris (Starptautiskā Sarkanā Krusta izziņa). Osmanis acīmredzot miris ceļā no Štuthofas uz Zaksenhauzenu. Bet Bērziņš tanī brīdī bijis lazaretē, pēc tam nosūtīts uz Zaksenhauzenu, bet ceļā amerikāņi viņu atbrīvojuši, un viņš, atkūlies mājās, strādāja spēkstacijā un nomira 1978.gadā. Pēc šiem arestiem tūliņ arī nomainīta zonderkomanda. Jau otrā dienā, 17.septembrī, ir bijis pirmais krievu aviācijas uzlidojums Ķegumam, un tad jau daudzi no Ķeguma aizbraukuši. Par direktoru iecelts baltvācietis Bētiņš.
Dažas dienas pirms krievu armijas ienākšanas (tas notika 7.oktobrī) vācieši savas ieliktās mīnas laiduši darbā. Nospridzināti abi garie tilta laidumi, viens segmentaizvars (bet betona aizsprosts un zemes dambji tad veseli!). Mašīnzālē saspridzināti un pēc tam izdeguši visi trīs ģeneratori, ceturtajā turbīnā ielaists spridzeklis, un tai norautas divas lāpstas (šo turbīnu var apskatīt Ķeguma vēstures muzejā), izdegusi vadības telpa. Bet brīvgaisa sadales iekārta sagrauta pilnīgi, neviena vesela transformatora, slēdža, mērtransformatora, balsta. Lūžņu kaudze! Un visu šo postažu novākt un iekārtas atjaunot nācās tiem pašiem vāciešiem, nu jau gūstekņu statusā. Viņu kauli vēl šodien guļ Ķeguma skolas stadiona teritorijā. Spēkstaciju atjaunoja trijos gados.
Haunzems, H. 1996. "Daugava un mēs", 57.-58.lpp
Saistītās laikalīnijas
Saistītie objekti
The German army's concrete fire point in the Kegum HPP reservoir near the Nega inlet
It is located in the Ķegum HPP reservoir at the Nega inlet (in front of the Nega houses), on its left bank. One of the most visually and scenically impressive and also the best-preserved concrete fireplaces, washed by the waves of the Daugava. It can be seen from a larger piece. A footbridge has been built from the shore to the top of the fire point (overgrown with grass). Narrow-gauge railway (?) tracks embedded in the concrete walls of the fire station. You can get inside from the side of the footbridge. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP.
Concrete fire point of the German army at the top of the bank of the Ķegum HPP in front of Andulii
It is located about 1.2 km east of a small extension of the stream (the stream flows near Lejasgrantiniņi) at the top of the steep bank slope of the Ķegum HPP in front of Andulii. The shore in this place is overgrown with forest and undergrowth, so only a keen observer will notice this fire point from the side of the reservoir. The fire point is well preserved as it has not been damaged by coastal erosion. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP, as it is located in a private area.
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegums HPP reservoir in front of Sidrabini
It is located about 0.25 km east of the Ķegum HPP reservoir bay near Silapūpēži, in the direction of Jaunjelgava, opposite the Sidrabiņi farm. The point of fire has slipped partially into the water and split into several parts, resembling a pile of construction debris. The coast is overgrown. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP. About 150 m west of the Daugava bank, the remains of another fire point have slipped into the water.
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegums HPP reservoir in front of Jaundauglii
It is located on the shore of the Ķegum HPP water reservoir about 0.6 km east of the Nega inlet, in front of Jaundauglii. The point of fire has slipped from the shore into the water and broken into several parts. Two larger birches have grown in it, a thicket has grown. One part of it is connected to the shore by a footbridge. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP.
German army concrete fire point on the shore of Ķegum HPP, east of Lejasgrantini
It is located about 0.25 km east of the extension of a small stream (the stream flows near Lejasgrantinin) on the slope of the shore of the Ķegums HPP. From the Jaunjelgava - Ķeguma road (P85), you can look for it by walking along the bank of the Daugava (overgrown, before that - a forest clearing). A careful observer will also notice it from the river, as lush vegetation has grown here during the summer. The concrete parts of the fire point are covered with green moss, metal and wooden structures are visible in the opening. As a result of the action of the waves of the Ķegums HPP, the fire point is located on the edge of a washed-up shore, so it can be dangerous to visit. Nearby is a deep pit (bomb pit?). This is the eighth (from Ķegum HPP, in the direction of Jaunjelgava) of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during World War 1 on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now.
Concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegum HPP near Pudurie
It is located on the peninsula at the mouth of Konupīte (currently a flooded extension of the river) in the Daugava, in the territory of the "Puduri" recreation complex. As a result of wave erosion, the fire point has tilted towards the river. To prevent bank erosion, the banks of the reservoir here have been reinforced with a concrete protective wall. The fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen well by taking a boat along the Ķegum HPP.
The remains of the concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegum HPP reservoir in front of Silapūpēži
It is located about 0.1 km east of the Ķegum HPP reservoir bay near Silapūpēži, in the direction of Jaunjelgava. The fire point has slipped partially into the water, overgrown with trees, bushes and other vegetation, and to the uninitiated, a larger piece from the water side may resemble a larger stone. One of the landmarks is a birch tree growing on it. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP. About 150 m east of the Daugava bank, the remains of another fire point have slipped into the water.
Concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegums HPP near Pludinatātii
It is located on the peninsula between Pludinātijai and the village of Latgali. As a result of wave erosion, the object has slid down the bank slope to the current water level of the river. When the water level in the Ķegum HPP reservoir is higher, it is washed by the Daugava waters. When the water level is lower, it is completely dry. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen well by taking a boat along the Ķegum HPP. The second option is to go on foot along a small path along the bank of the Daugava, which leads from the well-maintained beach "Spārītes".
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegum HPP reservoir near Podnieki
It is located in the reservoir of the Ķegum HPP, in a small bay, about 20-30 m from the Daugava bank in front of the houses of the Potters. The outline of the fire point appears only when the water level in the Ķegum HPP reservoir is lowered. The rest of the time they are under water and not visible. This is the third (from Ķegum HPP, in the direction of Jaunjelgava) of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be viewed at a lowered water level, by boat on the Ķegum HES.
Бетонная огневая точка немецкой армии на Кегумской ГЭС (в Музее энергетики на территории)
Находится в 300 м к северо-западу от плотины Кегумской ГЭС (Кегумский проспект), на территории Музея энергетики. Относительно хорошо сохранилась, визуально впечатляет. Его можно увидеть только при посещении Музея энергетики, либо с северной стороны, по ту сторону забора территории Кегумской ГЭС. Это одна из огневых точек линии обороны немецкой армии в годы Первой мировой войны на левом берегу Даугавы, которая более или менее прослеживается на всем протяжении левого берега Даугавы. Вышеупомянутая линия обороны представляет собой масштабную военную систему, которая до сих пор толком не оценивалась в целом.
