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Hāpsalu Dzelzceļa un sakaru muzejs Muzejs

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Raudtee 2, Haapsalu, Lääne maakond, Eesti, Igaunija, Läänemaa

+372 473 4574

www.salm.ee/muuseumid/raudtee-ja-sidemuuseum

raudtee@salm.ee

100

Muzejs ir iekārtots 20. gadsimta sākumā celtā dzelzceļa stacijā, kas apkalpoja dzelzceļa līniju, kura ved uz Hāpsalu kūrortu.

Muzeju atklāja 1997. gadā. Tajā var iepazīt Igaunijas dzelzceļa un sakaru līdzekļu attīstības vēsturi pusotra gadsimta garumā. Līdztekus nokalpojušām lokomotīvēm apmeklētāji muzejā var sastapt laipno stacijas pārvaldnieku, aplūkot senlaicīgo “Ericsson Skeleton” tipa telefonu un apmeklēt stacijas pasta nodaļu.

Āra ekspozīcijā var apskatīt arī Otrā pasaules kara vācu lokomotīvi.

1914 - 1918

I WW1

Saistītās laikalīnijas

1914. - 1918 Pirmais pasaules karš

Vairāk-valodu teksta tulkojums

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This museum is housed in a train station built in the early 20th century to service the railway line connecting to the resort in Haapsalu.

Opened in 1997, the museum showcases the one-and-a-half centuries of development of Estonian railways and mediums of communication. Besides decommissioned locomotives, the museum displays an affable station master and an Ericsson Skeleton Type telephone and invites visitors to the station&#39;s post office.

The outdoor exhibition also displays a World War II steam locomotive 52 3368.&nbsp;

The steam locomotive 52 3368, initially numbered 16494, was completed in April 1943 in Munich at the Krauss-Maffei Works and then transported to Austria, the Bruck an der Mur depot of the Villach division. The Hungarian State Railways (MAV) rented the locomotive and on&nbsp; June 7, 1945, it was captured by the Red Army. When the Hungarian-Romanian border was altered, locomotive 52 3368 was given to the Romanian railway (CFR). In August 1950, at the CFR Iași Works the locomotive was converted to broad gauge (5 ft) and given to the Soviet Union, where it operated at the Kotovsk and Vapnyarka depot of the Odessa Railway from October 1950 to 1956. After that, the Ministry of Transportation of the USSR kept it in the strategic reserve. On&nbsp; August 26, 1957, the locomotive TE-3368 (ТЭ-3368, the class 52 was renamed as TE in 1952) arrived at the Valga locomotive base. There the loco got another tender (so-called Wannentender), built in 1943 by Borsig Works in Berlin and formerly belonging to locomotive TE-450. It could carry 32 m3 of water and 10 tonnes of fuel. The locomotive stayed in Valga (from 1961 to 1968 shortly in Tartu) until the base was closed in 1997. From 1950 to 1985, its kilometrage as a broad-gauge locomotive was 463,216 kms. On&nbsp; May 8, 1998, the steam locomotive was delivered to Haapsalu to be exhibited at the Railway Museum.

The class 52 war locomotive was designed in a hurry in June 1942 on request of the Reich&acute;s Ministry of Armaments and War Production in the example of the class 50 locomotive. The 2-10-0 type engine had a power of about 1,500 hp and a maximum speed of 80 km/h. It had a simplified and light design (15-ton axle load) with an intended life-span of 5 years. From 1942 to 1945, a total of 6,295 locomotives of that class were built in 14 factories across Europe. After World War II, the class 52 locomotives had spread all over Europe, from Norway to Turkey and from Belgium to the Soviet Union. There were over 2,000 locomotives in the USSR &ndash; the exact number remains unknown, as the locomotives were subject to different authorities, including security authorities. In Estonia, the class 52 steam locomotives ran first on standard-gauge (1,435 mm) lines in 1943&ndash;44. Since 1953, when they replaced the American class ShA war locomotives (the Shariks) in Estonian freight traffic, 138 class TE (52) regauged locos have been here. By 1991, only one remained in Estonia &ndash; the TE-3368.

Muuseum asub Haapsalu kuurordi teenindamiseks 20. sajandi alguses rajatud raudtee lõppjaama jaamahoones.

1997. aastast Haapsalus tegutsev Raudtee- ja Sidemuuseum tutvustab Eesti raudteede pea pooleteise sajandi pikkust arenguteed ning ka infovahetuse viise ja võimalusi. Vanaduspuhkusel raudruunade kõrval kohtab siin muuhulgas viisakat jaamaülemat, luukeretelefoni ning saab astuda sisse vaksali postiagentuuri.

Väliekspositsioonis asub muuhulgas teise maailmasõja aegne Saksa auruvedur 52 3368.&nbsp;

Auruvedur 52 3368 valmis 1943. aasta aprillis Münchenis Krauss-Maffei tehases ja suunati tööle Austriasse Villachi raudteedirektsiooni Bruck an der Mur depoosse. Edasi anti see rendile Ungari Riigiraudteele (MAV), kus võeti 7. juunil 1945 Punaarmee poolt trofeena arvele. Ungari-Rumeenia riigipiiri muutumisel sattus vedur 52 3368 Rumeenia raudteele (CFR). Augustis 1950 tehti vedur CFR Iași remonditehases ringi laiarööpmeliseks (1524 mm) ja anti üle NSV Liidule, kus töötas Odessa raudtee Kotovski ja Vapnjarka depoodes oktoobrist 1950 kuni 1956. aastani, mil arvati NSVL Teedeministeeriumi strateegilisse reservi. 26. augustil 1957 saabus vedur TE-3386 (ТЭ-3368, 1952. aastal oli seeria 52 ümber nimetatud seeriaks TE) Valga veduribaasi, kus sai endale sama aasta novembris veduri TE-450 Berliinis Borsigi tehases 1943. aastal ehitatud vanntendri (Wannentender), mis mahutas 32 m3 vett ja 10 t kütteainet. Vedur oli Valgas (vahepeal 1961-68 Tartu depoos) baasi likvideerimiseni 1997. aastal. Aastail 1950-85 oli tema läbisõit laiarööpmelise vedurina 463 216 km.

1942-45 ehitati 52 seeria vedureid üle Euroopa 14 tehases kokku 6295. Pärast Teist maailmasõda olid seeria 52 vedurid paisatud üle Euroopa Norrast Türgini ja Belgiast Nõukogude Liiduni. Viimases oli üle 2000 veduri &ndash; täpne arv on teadmata, kuna vedureid töötas erinevate ametkondade, sh ka julgeolekuorganite valduses. Eestis liikusid auruvedurid seeriast 52 esmakordselt aastail 1943-44 normaalrööpmelistena (laius 1435 mm). Alates 1953. aastast, mil nende veduritega Eesti laiarööpmelistel teedel vahetati kaubaliikluses välja senised Ameerika sõjavedurid seeriast Ša (&bdquo;šarikud&ldquo;), on Eestis olnud 138 taolist vedurit.

1991. aastaks oli Eestisse jäänud vaid üks selline vedur &ndash; TE-3368. 8. mail 1998 toodi see Raudteemuuseumi eksponaadiks Haapsallu ning on üheks unikaalsemaks eksponaadiks ja (militaar)tehnikaajaloo mälestiseks Eestis tutvustades ühtlasi 20. sajandi raudtee-ajalugu laiemalt.