kureliečiai II WW2
1944 m. liepos mėn. generolo Jāņo Kurelio iš Rygos apygardos Aizsargi (pažodžiui „gynėjai“) įsteigta latvių karinė formacija, kurios oficialus tikslas buvo ginti Dauguvą tarp Pļavinių ir Ķegumo vokiečiams pasitraukus ir suformuoti partizanų grupes sovietų pajėgų užnugaryje.
Generolas Kurelis buvo Nacionalinio pasipriešinimo judėjimo karinės komisijos, priklausančios Latvijos centrinei tarybai, vadovas, tačiau tikrasis komisijos vadovas buvo kapitonas Kristaps Krišs Upelnieks.
1944 m. rudenį persikėlus į Kuržemės kraštą, kureliečių tikslas buvo kovoti su dviem okupacinėmis valstybėmis – nacistine Vokietija ir Sovietų Sąjunga, siekiant atkurti nepriklausomą Latvijos valstybę.
Kureliečių grupuotė buvo išformuota 1944 m. lapkričio 14 d., o aštuoni štabo karininkai buvo nušauti Liepojos jūrų uosto kalėjime lapkričio 19 d.
Daugiau informacijos šaltinių
Jānis Kurelis – Vikipedija (wikipedia.org)
Nacių vokiečių okupacija Latvijoje, 1941–1945 m. metai - Nacionalinė enciklopedija (enciklopedija.lv)
Latvių karių grupė, vadovaujama generolo Jāņo Kurelio – YouTube
Susijusi laiko juosta
Susijusios vietos
Rubenis' battalion museum
Rubenis’ Battalion Museum is located in Ugāle. It is dedicated to the Battalion of R. Rubenis, who served and fought under General J. Kurelis in Kurzeme in 1944, the activities of the Kurelians and the national resistance movement. Museum has an exhibit on the activities of the Latvian Central Council (LCC) and its Ventspils group, as well as the LCC Memorandum with 188 signatures and photographs of signatories that is included in the Latvian National Register of the UNESCO Memory of the World Programme. The LCC was a joint centre of Latvia's highest political leadership with an underground government that operated during the occupation of Latvia from 1943 to 1994. It was formed with the aim of coordinating the activities of various Latvian...
Rubenis' battalion bunker and battlefields
The restored dugout of the 2nd Company of the Rubenis Battalion is located in a forest by lake Ilziķi in the Usma parish. The dugout can be viewed from the outside for free at any time. However, tours inside the dugout must be booked in advance.
The Battalion of Lieutenant Robert Rubenis was part of a military unit formed by General Jānis Kurelis, and it is known for not surrendering to the German troops and showing heavy resistance...
Museum of the National Resistance Movement in Renda
The museum is located a few kilometres from the centre of Renda parish. The exhibit tells about the 50-year-long resistance movement in Latvia: resistance to the first Soviet occupation, resistance to the Nazi German occupation, and the armed and non-violent resistance to the Soviet occupation. The exhibit is located in two buildings. The first building houses evidence of the first Soviet occupation and German occupation. The exhibit showcases a restored barn building where the focus lies on the National Partisan War. Between the two buildings there is a bunker with an authentic layout and trenches used by soldiers. Located near the museum in Renda, excavations, blindages and an obstacle course serve as a training ground for youth guards and...
Zlēku Tragedy Memorial Site
The memorial is located near the Zlēki Manor ensemble, in the western part of Karātavkalns. Around twenty boulders with the names of the people killed form a circle, and in the centre is a black marble obelisk about three metres high.
Some of those killed have been reburied at the Zlēki memorial.
...The place where General Kurelis's staff officers were shot
At the end of July 1944, when the Red Army invaded the territory of Latvia, the German occupation authorities allowed Jānis Veide, the Riga District Police Chief and Commander of the 5th Riga Guards Regiment of the restored Latvian Guards Organisation, to establish the "General Kurelis Group of the Riga Guards Regiment". The head of the Military Commission of the Central Council of Latvia, General Jānis Kurelis of the Latvian Army, became its leader.
...Memorial stone of the Soviet partisan unit "Red Arrow"
The Soviet partisan unit was formed on 30 September 1944, when 19 soldiers of the German 283rd Police Battalion, under the leadership of Vladimir Semyonov, deserted with their weapons. The battalion was formed in 1943 from volunteers from the Latgale region and took part in the anti-partisan operations of the German occupation authorities in the territory of Latvia and Belarus.
...Freedom Trail (Karosta route)
A well-maintained, 9 km long walking trail created to commemorate the bravery and heroism of Latvian men during the Latvian Freedom Struggle in 1919.
The trail starts in Redana and runs through the forest area of Karosta, along the seashore and the Cietokšņa Canal, including a visit to the Tsarist-era fortifications and Soviet-era military heritage. The trail features 5 information boards, which introduce the creation of the Karosta and the fortification system that encircles the entire city, the 1919 Battle of Freedom in Liepāja...
Karostos karinis kalėjimas
Liepojos Karostos kalėjimas yra vienintelis karinis kalėjimas Europoje, atviras turistams. Pastatytas apie 1900 m. ligoninės reikmėms, pastatas niekada nebuvo naudojamas pagal pradinę paskirtį. Statinys buvo perskirtas kaip vieta laikinoms drausminėms nuobaudoms atlikti ir buvo naudojamas iki 1997 m.
Keitėsi galios, tačiau įstaigos paskirtis liko ta pati – apgyvendinti kalinius, tarp jų revoliucionierius, Rusijos caro armijos jūrininkus ir puskarininkius, vokiečių dezertyrus, Stalino laikų žmonių...
Monument to the paramedics of Ruben's battalion
Ārija Stiebriņa and Velta Vaska, paramedics of the Rubeņa battalion, were reburied in the Cirkale cemetery, who were shot by German Nazi army units on December 9, 1944, together with other residents, deserters, etc. captured in the vicinity of Zlēki.
According to the stories, it follows that the young women have joined Ruben's battalion voluntarily. Together with Ruben's battalion, they went from Suntaži to Usma. However, during the...
Graves of soldiers of Ruben's battalion
The graves of soldiers of Ruben's battalion are located by the highway Kuldīga - Sabile. A road sign and a stone with the inscription "For Your Land and Freedom" are located just a few hundred meters from the road.
The battalion of Lieutenant Robert Rubenis was one of the parts of the military unit formed by General Jānis Kurelis, which did not surrender to the German troops and showed fierce German...
Kurelian headquarters in Stiklos
During the Second World War in 1944, the Kurelian headquarters was located in the Annahite hunting castle in Stiklos. This building has survived to this day.
The surroundings of Stikli are rich not only with swamps and forests, but also with sand. In 1897, the new Annahites glass factory started its work - that's how this Latvian settlement got its name Stikli. In 1900, the so-called Annahite hunting palace, or the building where the factory manager lived, was built right there on the shore of Lake Stiklos.
...The site of the battle of the Ruben battalion on November 18, 1944, near Pērkoni's house
A memorial site at the site of the November-December 1944 battles of Lieutenant R. Ruben's battalion between the houses of "Vēvera" and "Dzilna" in Ugāle parish.
"Robežu" houses in Skriveri parish
In the house of "Robežu" in Skriveri Parish is the place where the formation of the group of General J. Kurelis started on July 28, 1944.
Memorial stone for Kurele people in Skriveri Parish
A memorial stone for the people of Kurele near the "Robežu" houses in Skrīveru Parish, opened in 2015. "Border" houses have not been preserved, there are only remnants of them.
Strazde manor
The Strazde manor is located on the side of the Riga - Ventspils highway and it was the location of the group of General J. Kurelis on September 29 - October 28, 1944.
Heavily rebuilt to meet the needs of the school (from 1922), it lost its original appearance and proportions during the rebuilding. Strazde Manor is surrounded by a beautiful park.
Yekeln's headquarters in Talso
On November 3, 1944, General J. Kurelis and Captain K. Upelnieks held talks with SS Obergrupenführer F. Yekeln and other German officers in this building in Talso. The historic building has been demolished, a new building is being built in its place.
Former shop/police building
The former store/police building in Talsos, where 14-19 of 1944 in November, the headquarters officers of General J. Kurelis' group were imprisoned.
A memorial stone for the people of Kurele in Stiklo
A memorial stone for Kurele people near Annahite hunting castle "Stiklos" in Puze parish, discovered in 1997, moved in 2023.
There is an information board with a QR code near the stone, where there is an audio guide's narration about the Kurelians.
...Memorial site in the old Annahite Cemetery
Memorial place in the old Annahite cemetery, where the soldiers and civilians killed on November 14, 1944 as a result of the headquarters and main forces of the German besieging general J. Kurelis group are buried.
Memorials to the group of General J. Kurelis and Lieutenant R. Ruben in the "Dzelzkalnu" cemetery
Memorial stones for the group of General J. Kurelis and Lieutenant R. Rubenis in the "Dzelzkalnu" cemetery in Puze parish. Opened in 1997.
The memorial signs were installed even before the creation of the Rubenis Battalion Museum.
The place of collision near Chubu's house in Renda parish
The clash of the 2nd company of Lieutenant L. Znutenas of the battalion of Senior Lieutenant V. Strautnieks with the Germans took place on November 16, 1944.
The white cross and the place of execution in Karosta
The white cross and the place of execution in front of Liepāja's Karosta prison. Opened in 2000.
The site of the battles of Ruben's battalion on November 18, 1944
Memorial place at the site of the battles of Lieutenant R. Rubeņas' battalion on November 18, 1944, between the houses of "Pērkon" and "Mežzīļu" in Renda parish.
Susijusi istorija
The miraculous escape of Lieutenant-Colonel Eduards Graudins from being shot
In November 1944, a court-martial of the German occupation authorities sentenced 8 staff officers of General Kurel's group, three staff officers were pardoned for various reasons. The lieutenant colonel managed to escape from being shot, but Graudiņš was "trampled" by the German concentration camp system
Zlėkų tragedijos vieta Latvijos istorijoje vis dar neaiški
Antrojo pasaulinio karo metais, kai didžiąją Latvijos dalį jau valdė Sovietų Sąjunga, o Kuržemę valdė Hitlerio Vokietijos vicekaraliai, Kuržemėje vadinamieji kureliečiai pradėjo kovą dėl Latvijos valstybinės nepriklausomybės atkūrimo.
Description by Vilis Samsons of the Red Arrows battle with German police units on 7 March 1945
On 7 March 1945, the "Red Arrows" partisan camp was surrounded and attempted to be destroyed by German troops. Vilis Samsons, in his book published in 1974 by "Zinātne", Riga, describes the course of this battle