The miraculous escape of Lieutenant-Colonel Eduards Graudins from being shot
In November 1944, a court-martial of the German occupation authorities sentenced 8 staff officers of General Kurel's group, three staff officers were pardoned for various reasons. The lieutenant colonel managed to escape from being shot, but Graudiņš was "trampled" by the German concentration camp system
On the night of 19-20 November 1944, a court-martial of the German occupation authorities was held in the Liepaja Karosta prison, sentencing to death eight staff officers of General Kurelis's group, three staff officers were pardoned for various reasons.
Lieutenant Colonel Eduard Graudins was married to a German-White woman and they had two children, a son and a daughter. In the late 1920s he divorced and his ex-wife and their two children emigrated to Germany in 1939. The son was conscripted into the German Armed Forces and served in the elite "Grossdeutschland" division. He was killed in action in the late summer of 1944. When the trial took place, the ex-wife wrote a request for pardon on the grounds of her son's service. Eduard Graudins was sent to Stutthof concentration camp and died in February 1945 when it was evacuated.
GRAUDINS EDUARDS Son of Peter
Captain of the Independence Company. Cavalier of the Order of the Knights of the Order of the Knights of the Order of the Latvian Knights of the Order of the Latvian Knights of the Knights of the Order of the Latvian Order of the Knights of the Order of the Polish Armed Forces (LKOK)
Order of the Latvian Legion of Merit awarded in 1921
Colonel - Lieutenant Eduards Graudiņš: War of Independence, State of Latvia, Stutthof Concentrations | Sargs.lv
https://www.sargs.lv/lv/vienibas-un-personibas/2011-02-17/pulkvedis-leitnants-eduards-graudins-neatkaribas-kars-latvijas
LKOK nr.3 / 878: Graudiņš, Eduards www.lkok.com/detail1.asp?ID=476
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The place where General Kurelis's staff officers were shot
At the end of July 1944, when the Red Army invaded the territory of Latvia, the German occupation authorities allowed Jānis Veide, the Riga District Police Chief and Commander of the 5th Riga Guards Regiment of the restored Latvian Guards Organisation, to establish the "General Kurelis Group of the Riga Guards Regiment". The head of the Military Commission of the Central Council of Latvia, General Jānis Kurelis of the Latvian Army, became its leader.
The Kurelis operated in Vidzeme until September 1944, when they moved to Kurzeme, where they were stationed in the houses of Stiklis in Puzes parish, Ilziķi in Usma parish, Iliņi in Ģibuli parish, and in Edole and other places in Northern Kurzeme. By the end of October 1944, the Kurelies had about 3,000 armed men, among them many former soldiers of the Latvian SS Volunteer Legion units, who joined the unit to realise their dream - the fight for Latvia's independence.
At the beginning of November 1944, the German occupation authorities' Supreme Police and SS leader in Ostland, SS Oberruppenführer Friedrich Jeckeln, began to restrict the group's activities and on 14 November arrested the Kurelian headquarters and more than 700 soldiers in Stikliai, Puse parish. The battalion commanded by Lieutenant Robert Rubens, with about 500 men in the Usma area, resisted and continued fighting until December 1944.
On the night of 19/20/1944, the Germans fought against the Germans. On November 19-19, 1944, a court-martial of the German occupation authorities was held in Liepāja Karaostas Prison, sentencing to death eight staff officers of General Kurelis' group - Colonel Pēteris Liepiņš, Captain Kristaps Upelnieks, Captain Jūlijs Mucenieks, Lieutenant Jānis Gregoras, Lieutenant Teodorma Prikulis, Lieutenant Jānis Rasas, Lieutenant Filipson and Adjutant Kārlis Valters. Three staff officers, Lieutenant Colonel Eduards Graudins, Lieutenant Arthurs Ankravs and Sergeant Vili Pavulāns, were pardoned for various reasons. On the afternoon of 20 November, the convicts were shot in the dunes near the Karosta prison, where a white cross can be seen today.
In 1994, a memorial to the officers who were shot was established in the dunes of the Liepaja Karosta. In 2012, after it was washed into the sea, the memorial was restored to its present location.
*** Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version) ***
Karosta Military Prison
The Karosta Prison in Liepāja is the only military prison in Europe open to tourists. Constructed around 1900 for the needs of a hospital, the building was never used for its original purpose. The structure was repurposed as a place for serving temporary disciplinary punishment and was used as such up until 1997.
Powers changed but the purpose of the institution remained the same, namely, to house prisoners, including revolutionaries, sailors and non-commissioned officers of the Russian tsarist army, German deserters, enemies of the people of the Stalin era, as well as soldiers of the Soviet and Latvian armies. The Karosta Prison is currently open to visitors and guided tours are available. The tours show the prison and visitors can learn about its history, have a look at the prison and punishment cells and hear interesting and even ghostly tales about life at the prison. Braver souls have the opportunity to play the ‘Behind the Bars’ reality game or try to get out of closed rooms. And those who know no fear can spend the night in a prison cell. The Karosta Prison has a Karosta Visitor Centre, a Soviet-era buffet and a souvenir shop. The services of a guide are available throughout the whole of Karosta.
Kurelian headquarters in Stiklos
During the Second World War in 1944, the Kurelian headquarters was located in the Annahite hunting castle in Stiklos. This building has survived to this day.
The surroundings of Stikli are rich not only with swamps and forests, but also with sand. In 1897, the new Annahites glass factory started its work - that's how this Latvian settlement got its name Stikli. In 1900, the so-called Annahite hunting palace, or the building where the factory manager lived, was built right there on the shore of Lake Stiklos.
The site of the battle of the Ruben battalion on November 18, 1944, near Pērkoni's house
A memorial site at the site of the November-December 1944 battles of Lieutenant R. Ruben's battalion between the houses of "Vēvera" and "Dzilna" in Ugāle parish.
Memorial plaque at Malnava College
Memorial plaque near Malnava College, where 1932-1937 Lieutenant R. Rubenis studied in Opened in 2000
"Robežu" houses in Skriveri parish
In the house of "Robežu" in Skriveri Parish is the place where the formation of the group of General J. Kurelis started on July 28, 1944.
Memorial stone for Kurele people in Skriveri Parish
A memorial stone for the people of Kurele near the "Robežu" houses in Skrīveru Parish, opened in 2015. "Border" houses have not been preserved, there are only remnants of them.
Strazde manor
The Strazde manor is located on the side of the Riga - Ventspils highway and it was the location of the group of General J. Kurelis on September 29 - October 28, 1944.
Heavily rebuilt to meet the needs of the school (from 1922), it lost its original appearance and proportions during the rebuilding. Strazde Manor is surrounded by a beautiful park.
Yekeln's headquarters in Talso
On November 3, 1944, General J. Kurelis and Captain K. Upelnieks held talks with SS Obergrupenführer F. Yekeln and other German officers in this building in Talso. The historic building has been demolished, a new building is being built in its place.
Former shop/police building
The former store/police building in Talsos, where 14-19 of 1944 in November, the headquarters officers of General J. Kurelis' group were imprisoned.
A memorial stone for the people of Kurele in Stiklo
A memorial stone for Kurele people near Annahite hunting castle "Stiklos" in Puze parish, discovered in 1997, moved in 2023.
There is an information board with a QR code near the stone, where there is an audio guide's narration about the Kurelians.
Memorial site in the old Annahite Cemetery
Memorial place in the old Annahite cemetery, where the soldiers and civilians killed on November 14, 1944 as a result of the headquarters and main forces of the German besieging general J. Kurelis group are buried.
Memorials to the group of General J. Kurelis and Lieutenant R. Ruben in the "Dzelzkalnu" cemetery
Memorial stones for the group of General J. Kurelis and Lieutenant R. Rubenis in the "Dzelzkalnu" cemetery in Puze parish. Opened in 1997.
The memorial signs were installed even before the creation of the Rubenis Battalion Museum.
The place of collision near Chubu's house in Renda parish
The clash of the 2nd company of Lieutenant L. Znutenas of the battalion of Senior Lieutenant V. Strautnieks with the Germans took place on November 16, 1944.
The white cross and the place of execution in Karosta
The white cross and the place of execution in front of Liepāja's Karosta prison. Opened in 2000.
Graves of soldiers of Ruben's battalion
The graves of soldiers of Ruben's battalion are located by the highway Kuldīga - Sabile. A road sign and a stone with the inscription "For Your Land and Freedom" are located just a few hundred meters from the road.
The battalion of Lieutenant Robert Rubenis was one of the parts of the military unit formed by General Jānis Kurelis, which did not surrender to the German troops and showed fierce German resistance. During the Usma period, the numerical composition of the battalion increased to 650 men with four fully equipped companies, an ambulance and a farm team. Commanding staff: lieutenant R. Rubenis, lieutenant Filipsons, vv A. Druviņš, vv Šults, vv Briedis, vv. sergeant J. Rubenis, J. Bergs, vv Jaunzems.
From November 14 to December 9, 1944, fierce battles took place in the parishes of Ugāle, Usma, Renda and Zlēki between units of the German 16th Army, SD and SS units under the command of police general Friedrich Jekeln and a separate battalion of the Kurelian unit commanded by lieutenant Roberts Rubenis. Around 250 German soldiers were killed in the battles near Renda and Zleki, while the losses of the Rubenes were around 50 people.
After the death of Lieutenant Rubenis, Druviņš announced to his men that he would continue to work on a voluntary basis and as a result, several dozen men made the decision to separate from Rubenis' battalion. On November 20-21, 1944, a group of 11 people was captured by a German SD unit and after interrogations they took them to the local forest and shot them.
The site of the battles of Ruben's battalion on November 18, 1944
Memorial place at the site of the battles of Lieutenant R. Rubeņas' battalion on November 18, 1944, between the houses of "Pērkon" and "Mežzīļu" in Renda parish.
Part of this is a myth. I am Eduards granddaughter from his second marriage. His first wife had two daughters and a son who died in a German tank division, he was about 17 years old at the time. There is no way his first wife could have heard about the military court, let alone attended or delivered a letter, as she was in Poland. The "court-martial" (which was obviously illegal as the Kurelieshi were not part of the German Army) was an ambush. He was arrested at a 'meeting' and tried and condemned the next day. We have letters he wrote from prison before and after the 'trial'. He had 3 children with his second wife who was near Talsi during the trial, followed to Stutthof but was unable to contact him there. She migrated to Australia. His first wife's family migrated to America. We don't know why he wasn't shot at the trial, but there was no letter.