Generolas Rudolfas Bangerskis
I WW1, I Nepriklausomybės karai, Baltijos šalių nepriklausomybė, II WW2
Rudolfas Bangerskis gimė 1878 07 21 Līčakroge, Taurupės valsčiuje. Mokėsi Zaubės pagrindinėje mokykloje ir Jaunjelgavos miesto mokykloje. 1895 metais įstojo į kariuomenę, tarnavo ir Rygoje, ir Sankt Peterburge.
1914 m., prasidėjus I pasauliniam karui, R. Bangerskis grįžo į 36-ąjį pėstininkų pulką kuopos vadu ir jau 1914 m. gruodį gavo kapitono laipsnį. 1915 m. rugpjūtį pradėjus formuoti latvių šaulių batalionus, R. Bangerskis buvo paskirtas 1-ojo Daugavgrivos latvių šaulių bataliono vadu. 1916 metų spalį R. Bangerskis buvo paaukštintas į pulkininkus leitenantus, o po dviejų mėnesių - į pulkininkus.
1916 m. gruodžio mėn. R. Bangerskis tapo laikinai einantis 2-ojo Rygos latvių šaulių pulko vadą, o Kalėdų kautynių metu – jungtinės latvių šaulių divizijos štabo viršininku „1917 m. sausio 17 d. mūšyje prie Ložmetējkalno Bangerskis asmeniškai vykdė žvalgybą ir vadovavo fronto ugniai. taip labai prisidėdamas prie priešo pozicijų atkovojimo“. Už šiuos nuopelnus 1923 metais R. Bangerskis buvo apdovanotas III laipsnio Latvijos Lāčplėsio karo ordinu Nr. 1627 m.
1924 metų vasarį R. Bangerskis pradėjo tarnybą Latvijos kariuomenėje su pulkininko laipsniu ir nuo 1924 m. gruodžio iki 1925 m. gruodžio ir nuo 1926 m. gruodžio iki 1928 m. sausio R. Bangerskis buvo karo ministras.
Karo ministras J. Balodis straipsnyje „Pagarba generolui R. Bangerskiui“ laikraštyje „Rīts“ Nr. 76 (1937 03 17) gyrė R. Bangerskį: „Jis buvo vienas iškiliausių latvių šaulių pulkų kūrėjų ir vadų garsiose kautynėse. Jo turtingi koviniai nuotykiai ir išgyvenimai bei didžiulis ryžtas mums atnešė negailestingumą ir rūpestį jos formavimas“.
Antrojo pasaulinio karo metais, vokiečių okupacijos metais 1942–1943 m., R. Bangerskis buvo savivaldos generalinio teisingumo direktorato referentas, vėliau ir Latvijos legiono generalinis inspektorius bei SS grupierius. 1945 metų vasario 20 dieną Potsdame (Vokietija) R. Bangerskis buvo išrinktas Latvijos nacionalinio komiteto prezidentu. Nuo 1945 metų birželio iki 1946 metų gruodžio R. Bangerskis buvo sulaikytas britų. Išėjęs į laisvę gyveno Oldenburge, Vokietijoje. Mirė 1958 metų vasario 25 dieną. Perlaidotas 1995 03 16 Rygoje, Brolių kapinėse.
Per savo karinę karjerą R. Bangerskis gavo Latvijos III laipsnio Lāčplės karo ordiną, II laipsnio Trijų žvaigždžių ordiną, Latvijos gynėjų kryžių, Prancūzijos Garbės legioną, Estijos Laisvės kryžių, Lietuvos I laipsnio Vito Kryžiaus ordiną, Rusijos Šv. Juris Sword, taip pat kiti aukšti apdovanojimai iš Latvijos, Estijos, Lietuvos, Lenkijos, Rusijos ir Vokietijos.
Daugiau informacijos šaltinių
Šaltinis: Latvijos karo muziejus. Generolas Rudolfas Bangerskis (1878–1958). Prieiga: http://www.karamuzejs.lv/lv/Izstades/generali/generalis_BangerskisRudolfs.aspx [žiūrėta 2021 10 21]
Susijusi laiko juosta
Susijusios vietos
Machine Gun Hill
Located in Jelgava region, near the A9 motorway.
Ložmetējkalns is a place of World War I fighting, which is the only cultural and historical reserve of national significance in Latvia. It is located on the Long Dune, which is part of the Nordeķi - Kalnciems dune ridge. The name of the machine gun hill originated at a time when there were hard-to-occupy fortifications of the German army, which were defended by a strong machine gun fire.
Christmas battles are probably the best known and most dramatic event of World War I in the history of Latvia. It occupies a special place in the military and cultural history of Latvia. In 1917, the Latvian Rifle and Siberian units of the Russian army attacked Ložmetējkalns and occupied it. At least 600 opponents were captured, as well as valuable trophies, such as 19 machine guns. This was the most significant success of the Christmas battles and the greatest gain that the Russian troops had achieved on the Riga front. Latvian riflemen believed that they deserved the honor of the conquerors of the highlands.
Today, there is a lookout tower with views of former battles. Memorials and wartime evidence can be seen in the area. The Silenieki Brothers Cemetery is nearby.
Christmas battles memorial at Antinu Brethren Cemetery
Located in Babīte district, on the side of the road near the former Antiņi house and the old medicine warehouse.
The cemetery of Antiņi or Tīreļi soldiers was established during the First World War. The defense positions of the army of the Russian Empire were located in the area. In 1917, during the Christmas battles, the headquarters of the 5th Zemgale Latvian Rifle Regiment and an infirmary with a medicine warehouse were located nearby.
In the night of January 5, 1917, in the light of eight huge bonfires, 105 fighters of the 5th Zemgale Latvian Rifle Regiment were buried in military honor. They fell in battle against the German army or died from injuries. The funeral ceremony was led by Regiment Commander Jukums Vācietis. In later years, soldiers from other units of the Russian army were also buried in the cemetery. In 1925, a monument to the architect Eizen Laube was unveiled in the cemetery, and the territory was landscaped. Information about the 3,800 soldiers buried in the cemetery can be found in many places, but it must be assessed as unlikely and unverified.
The Christmas Battle museum and outdoor exhibition
The Christmas Battle Memorial Park and Museum is located in Jelgava municipality, Valgunde parish, in the Mangaļi homestead. This museum is a branch of the Latvian War Museum. It was opened in 2005 and is located in the area where Christmas Battles took place. Unique World War I fortifications still remain in locations where battles took place. The indoor exhibit contains objects found in the battlefield. The open-air exposition has reconstructed fortifications. There are tourist routes and informative trails in the vicinity of the museum. The open-air exposition of World War I fortifications and indoor exhibits are available to visitors every day. Unique evidence of World War I fortifications can still be found in the vicinity of Ložmetējkalns. There is a 27 m tall observation tower that provides a panoramic view of the area where the Christmas Battle took place. The Christmas Battle is probably the best known and most dramatic event of World War I in Latvia. It has a special place in Latvia’s military and cultural history. This engagement is mainly associated with the attack of Latvian Riflemen on the German Army units in extremely harsh and unfavourable conditions. And it was also a unique situation where a large-scale combat operation was started without artillery support.
Daugavgrīva Fortress
Daugavgrīva Fortress (entry from Birzes street) is located on the Daugavgrīva Island where Buļļupe river joins the Daugava river. The fortress was built in the 17th century to defend from enemies moving in the direction of Riga, which was an important administrative, trade and production centre. Later it became the main fortification of the Latvian Army coastal defence with several support points. This defensive fortification system is one of the most valuable objects of Latvia's military heritage. This fortress has witnessed Latvian military history. For example, during the Crimean War (1853-1856) Latvian and Estonian gunboat crews were trained here. The main objective of these units was to protect local ports and the coast from attacks by the British navy. During World War I Daugavgrīva militiamen companies were formed here. These were the first Latvian combat units, which came even before the Latvian Riflemen. Nowadays it is possible to see the territory of the fortress. ‘Komētforts’ and the Seaside Nature Park are located nearby and Mangaļsala fortifications are on the other side of the Daugava river.
Brothers' Cemetery in Riga
Riga Brothers’ Cemetery is located in the northern district of Riga. The cemetery extends over an area of 9 ha and is the most outstanding and significant memorial ensemble in Latvia dedicated to the fallen Latvian soldiers. About 3,000 soldiers are buried here. The Brothers’ Cemetery was created during World War I after the first three Latvian Riflemen, who fell in Tīreļpurvs in the battle against the German Army, were buried here. Later Latvian soldiers who had died in other battles and wars would also be buried in the Brothers’ Cemetery. The memorial is based on the design of the sculptor Kārlis Zāle, and is the first memorial ensemble in Europe with such landscape, architecture and sculptural value. It uses elements typical to the Latvian landscape, traditional farmsteads, Latvian folklore and history that praise the characteristics of soldiers and tell the story of the way of the soldier. The memorial was unveiled in 1936 and it has three parts: ‘The Road of Though’ which is a 250 m long alley, ‘Terrace of Heroes’ with the Altar of the Sacred Flame and ensemble the Sacred Oak Grove, and the burial ground with the Latvian wall and a memorial of a mother with her fallen sons.
Susijusi istorija
About Christmas battles
The Christmas battle ended on January 11. The Latvian riflemen of the heavily fortified position of the German army - Ložmetējkalns - managed to take the battle on the third day. The price of Christmas battles was very high. Hundreds of Latvian and other Russian army soldiers had lost their lives trying to knock the Germans out of position. The narrator vividly describes the scenes on the battlefield after the end of the Christmas battles.
About Daugavgriva fortress
The narrator describes an event in the Daugavgrīva fortress during World War I, when it was bombed by an air force in the German army. The fortress was one of the strategic objects that remained important until the end of World War II.