Pastangos užkirsti kelią Ķegumo HE sprogimui
Antrojo pasaulinio karo metais, kariuomenėms traukiantis, Latvijoje buvo susprogdinta daugybė kariniu ir logistiniu požiūriu svarbių objektų, kad šie ištekliai neliktų priešams. Tokių objektų buvo ir prie Ķegumo, kur vienas svarbiausių objektų yra Ķegumo HE, kuri savo darbuotojų pastangomis ir pastangomis nebuvo visiškai sunaikinta.
Papasakosiu tą dieną, kaip išgirdau ir sužinojau rinkdamas dokumentus Ķegumo istorijos muziejui. Kai kurie faktai yra žinomi, tačiau yra ir daugiau nežinomų faktų, kuriuos vargu ar pavyks iki galo išsiaiškinti.
Žinant, kaip vokiečiai viską susprogdina, ši perspektyva buvo aiški ir kegumeniškiams. Tuo labiau, kai tiltą pradėjo minuoti Ķegumo mieste dislokuotas sargybos būrys, žvalgų komanda, Ķegumo HE direktorius Pavels Krasovskis ir tikriausiai ir jo bendražygiai, kurių vardų nežinome, galvojo ir aktyviai dirbo, kad jėgainė būtų kuo labiau išsaugota. Krasovskis užmūrijo įėjimus į galerijas po užtvanka, kad nedėtų ten bombų. Kaip medžiotojas išvyko medžioti į Sunāksti, nors jau 1942 metais vokiečių savivalda atsisakė pratęsti leidimą medžioti (faktas). Bet iš tikrųjų jis neva susitiko su Oškalno vadovaujamo partizanų būrio vyrais, su Samsonu. Jie neva susitarė, kad rugsėjį Samsonas ir jo vyrai užims Kegumą, užkirs kelią bombardavimui ir sulaikys jį, kol atvyks rusai. Šį planą žinojo ir Rusijos kariuomenės vadovybė. Tai liudija faktas, kad Ķegumas niekada nebuvo užpultas, kai Rusijos aviacija bombardavo visus strategiškai svarbius mazgus. O dar ir tai, kad liepos 28 dieną Tomo pusėje buvo numestas desantas kodiniu pavadinimu „Raudonoji strėlė“, kuri šioje operacijoje tikriausiai turėjo bendradarbiauti su Samsonu. Tačiau suveikė ir vokiečių šnipinėjimo mašina, o rugsėjo viduryje per kelias dienas desantas buvo visiškai sunaikintas. Krasovskis žmonai pasakė, kad Samsonas neatvyko numatytu laiku. Samsonas sako, kad į Kegumą negalėjo patekti dėl išdavystės... Rugsėjo 16 dieną Krasovskis buvo iškviestas į Rygą į būstinę ir ten suimtas (faktas). Tą pačią dieną Ķegume taip pat buvo suimtas poeto ir rašytojo Jāzepo Osmani tėvas Osmanis, Bērziņš ir Giruckis, HE darbuotojai. Krasovskis iš Rygos centrinio kalėjimo buvo perkeltas į Štuthofo lagerį, po to į Sachsenhauzeno lagerį, kur mirė 1945 02 12 (Tarptautinio Raudonojo Kryžiaus pareiškimas). Osmanis, matyt, mirė pakeliui iš Štuthofo į Sachsenhauzeną. Bet Bērziņš tuo metu buvo ligoninėj, paskui buvo išsiųstas į Sachsenhauzeną, bet pakeliui amerikiečiai jį paleido, jis grįžo namo, dirbo elektrinėje ir mirė 1978 metais. Po šių areštų tyrėjų komanda buvo nedelsiant pakeista. Jau antrą dieną, rugsėjo 17 d., įvyko pirmasis Rusijos aviacijos antskrydis į Ķegumą, tada daug žmonių paliko Ķegumą. Direktoriumi buvo paskirtas baltarusis Bētiņš.
Likus kelioms dienoms iki Rusijos armijos atvykimo (tai įvyko spalio 7 d.), vokiečiai pradėjo veikti savo minomis. Susprogdinti du ilgi tilto tarpai, vienas segmentinis užraktas (bet betoninė užtvanka ir žemės pylimai nepažeisti!). Mašinų skyriuje buvo susprogdinti ir po to sudeginti visi trys generatoriai, į ketvirtą turbiną įdėta bomba ir nuplėštos dvi jos mentės (šią turbiną galima apžiūrėti Ķegumo istorijos muziejuje), išdegė valdymo patalpa. Bet oro paskirstymo sistema visiškai sunaikinta, nėra viso transformatoriaus, jungiklio, matavimo transformatoriaus, atramos. Laužo krūva! Ir tie patys vokiečiai turėjo surinkti visą šį paštą ir atkurti įrangą, dabar jau kalinių statusą. Jų kaulai iki šiol guli Ķegumo mokyklos stadiono teritorijoje. Elektrinė buvo atnaujinta per trejus metus.
Haunzems, H. 1996. "Daugava ir mes", p. 57-58
Susijusi laiko juosta
Susijusios vietos
The German army's concrete fire point in the Kegum HPP reservoir near the Nega inlet
It is located in the Ķegum HPP reservoir at the Nega inlet (in front of the Nega houses), on its left bank. One of the most visually and scenically impressive and also the best-preserved concrete fireplaces, washed by the waves of the Daugava. It can be seen from a larger piece. A footbridge has been built from the shore to the top of the fire point (overgrown with grass). Narrow-gauge railway (?) tracks embedded in the concrete walls of the fire station. You can get inside from the side of the footbridge. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP.
Concrete fire point of the German army at the top of the bank of the Ķegum HPP in front of Andulii
It is located about 1.2 km east of a small extension of the stream (the stream flows near Lejasgrantiniņi) at the top of the steep bank slope of the Ķegum HPP in front of Andulii. The shore in this place is overgrown with forest and undergrowth, so only a keen observer will notice this fire point from the side of the reservoir. The fire point is well preserved as it has not been damaged by coastal erosion. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP, as it is located in a private area.
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegums HPP reservoir in front of Sidrabini
It is located about 0.25 km east of the Ķegum HPP reservoir bay near Silapūpēži, in the direction of Jaunjelgava, opposite the Sidrabiņi farm. The point of fire has slipped partially into the water and split into several parts, resembling a pile of construction debris. The coast is overgrown. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP. About 150 m west of the Daugava bank, the remains of another fire point have slipped into the water.
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegums HPP reservoir in front of Jaundauglii
It is located on the shore of the Ķegum HPP water reservoir about 0.6 km east of the Nega inlet, in front of Jaundauglii. The point of fire has slipped from the shore into the water and broken into several parts. Two larger birches have grown in it, a thicket has grown. One part of it is connected to the shore by a footbridge. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP.
German army concrete fire point on the shore of Ķegum HPP, east of Lejasgrantini
It is located about 0.25 km east of the extension of a small stream (the stream flows near Lejasgrantinin) on the slope of the shore of the Ķegums HPP. From the Jaunjelgava - Ķeguma road (P85), you can look for it by walking along the bank of the Daugava (overgrown, before that - a forest clearing). A careful observer will also notice it from the river, as lush vegetation has grown here during the summer. The concrete parts of the fire point are covered with green moss, metal and wooden structures are visible in the opening. As a result of the action of the waves of the Ķegums HPP, the fire point is located on the edge of a washed-up shore, so it can be dangerous to visit. Nearby is a deep pit (bomb pit?). This is the eighth (from Ķegum HPP, in the direction of Jaunjelgava) of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during World War 1 on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now.
Concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegum HPP near Pudurie
It is located on the peninsula at the mouth of Konupīte (currently a flooded extension of the river) in the Daugava, in the territory of the "Puduri" recreation complex. As a result of wave erosion, the fire point has tilted towards the river. To prevent bank erosion, the banks of the reservoir here have been reinforced with a concrete protective wall. The fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen well by taking a boat along the Ķegum HPP.
The remains of the concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegum HPP reservoir in front of Silapūpēži
It is located about 0.1 km east of the Ķegum HPP reservoir bay near Silapūpēži, in the direction of Jaunjelgava. The fire point has slipped partially into the water, overgrown with trees, bushes and other vegetation, and to the uninitiated, a larger piece from the water side may resemble a larger stone. One of the landmarks is a birch tree growing on it. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be seen by boat on the Ķegum HPP. About 150 m east of the Daugava bank, the remains of another fire point have slipped into the water.
Concrete fire point of the German army on the shore of the Ķegums HPP near Pludinatātii
It is located on the peninsula between Pludinātijai and the village of Latgali. As a result of wave erosion, the object has slid down the bank slope to the current water level of the river. When the water level in the Ķegum HPP reservoir is higher, it is washed by the Daugava waters. When the water level is lower, it is completely dry. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The fire point can be seen well by taking a boat along the Ķegum HPP. The second option is to go on foot along a small path along the bank of the Daugava, which leads from the well-maintained beach "Spārītes".
The remains of the German army's concrete fire point in the Ķegum HPP reservoir near Podnieki
It is located in the reservoir of the Ķegum HPP, in a small bay, about 20-30 m from the Daugava bank in front of the houses of the Potters. The outline of the fire point appears only when the water level in the Ķegum HPP reservoir is lowered. The rest of the time they are under water and not visible. This is the third (from Ķegum HPP, in the direction of Jaunjelgava) of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now. The remains of the fire point can be viewed at a lowered water level, by boat on the Ķegum HES.
Concrete fire point of the German army at the Ķegum HPP (in the Energy Museum on the territory)
It is located 300 m northwest of the Ķegums HPP dam (Ķegums prospect), in the territory of the Energy Museum. Relatively well preserved, visually impressive. It can be viewed only when visiting the Energy Museum, or from the north side, on the other side of the fence of the Ķegum HPP territory. This is one of the fire points of the defense line of the German army during the First World War on the left bank of the Daugava, which can more or less be traced along the entire length of the left bank of the Daugava. The aforementioned line of defense is a large-scale military system that has not really been evaluated as a whole until now.
