Jekabpils Airport
Jēkabpils Airfield is one of the military airfields in the territory of Latvia, which was created during the period of Independent Latvia around 1935. After the second occupation of the Republic of Latvia in 1945, the airfield was adapted for the needs of the USSR Air Force.
Jēkabpils airfield is located approximately 5 km from the city of Jēkabpils, in Jēkabpils municipality, Krustpils parish. The area occupied by the airfield is 500 hectares. The length of the concrete runway was 2500 meters, of which about 2000 meters long, 40 meters wide runway have been preserved. There are more than ten small hangars in the territory, and 7 or 8 large ones, which were intended for larger aircraft. There are also 6 or 7 small bunkers - semicircular concrete hangars buried in the ground - approximately 4m in diameter. They were most likely used as communications centers, as they are located in strategically important places of the airfield. There is also one larger bunker, which was probably used as the main communications hub. The former infrastructure buildings of the airfield have been looted and destroyed. An aircraft repair hangar has survived on the airfield, an impressive structure, although it currently serves as a chip storage facility, as well as a number of other hangars. There are several horseshoe-shaped embankments on the airfield. Until the occupation of the Republic of Latvia, the airfield functioned as the Krustpils airfield of the Latvian Aviation Regiment. Around 1935, a new reinforced concrete hangar and two-story barracks were built. Before 1939, it was planned to open the Riga-Krustpils-Daugavpils State Air Line, which, however, was not implemented. After the occupation of Latvia, in 1940, the Latvian Aviation Regiment's "Gladiator" fighter planes were redeployed from the Riga Rumbula airfield to the airfield. During World War II, the Luftwaffe's 1st Fleet (Luftflotte 1) bombers were based at the Jēkabpils airfield. From 1962, Jēkabpils airfield was used as one of the military airfields on the northwestern border of the USSR during the Cold War. Until 1992, Jēkabpils airfield was home to the Soviet Air Force's 886th Special Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment (886-й Сталинградский Краснознаменный отдельный заведывательный авиационный полк, 886-й ОРАП) with two aviation squadrons, which used IL-28R (ИЛ-28Р), Yak-27R (Як 27Р), MiG-15 (МиГ-15), then Yak-28PP (Як-28ПП), and finally Su 17M4R (Су-17М4Р) and Su-24MR (Су-24МР) fighter aircraft. After the restoration of Latvia's independence and the withdrawal of the Russian army, the Jēkabpils airfield, with an area of 547.8 hectares, came under the supervision of the Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Latvia, which transferred it to the ownership of the Jēkabpils District Council without any obligations. In 1993-1999, Jēkabpils Lidosta AS operated. In 2000, the airport land was included in the state free land fund. Buildings and communications, including ammunition depots, a command post, technical and economic buildings, were privatized by SIA Reka, except for 500 runway slabs, which were distributed to district municipalities. Around 2008, an asphalt concrete factory was built on the airfield territory, and a woodworking company operates in the barracks buildings. In 2013, 7 or 8 large, demolished military aircraft hangars and more than ten smaller hangars remained.
According to MyAirfields, activists have begun renovation work on the airfield - improving the pavement at the western end, painting the navigation path, installing wind socks, etc.
• On March 27, 1986, a Su-17M4 aircraft of the 886th ORAP of the USSR Air Force approached the Jēkabpils air base. During the approach, the pilot lost spatial orientation and the aircraft crashed into the ground. The pilot was killed.
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Vaiņode air base
Vaiņode airfield still has 16 Soviet-era aircraft hangars and an 1800 m section of the once 2500 m long runway. The airfield can only be visited with a previous booking. Vaiņode airfield was established during the Latvian independence as one of the cradles of Latvian aviation and was later one of the largest military airfields in the Baltic States. In 1916, two hangars for German Army airships were built. Airships were used to gather intelligence and bomb the positions of the Russian Army. Later the city of Riga bought the airship hangars and used their roof structures to build the pavilions of the Riga Central Market. In May 1940, the 31st Fast Bomber Aviation Regiment of the Red Army moved to Vaiņode, and the construction of a standardized concrete slab runway began. At the end of the summer of 1944 the partially completed airfield was used by various German aviation units, however, at the end of World War II, the same airfield was used by the Red Army aviation units fighting the German Army group called ‘Kurzeme’. After World War II the Soviet Air Forces were stationed in Vaiņode until 1992.
Pagalvės oro uostas
Įsikūręs Rygoje, Pārdaugavoje, Spilvės pievose netoli Iļģuciems.
Spilvė karinio paveldo istorijoje garsėja ambicingu Spilvės mūšiu XVIII a. ir Spilvės aerodromas. Nuo XX amžiaus jis buvo naudojamas orlaivių bandymams, o Pirmojo pasaulinio karo metais tapo Latvijos aviacijos istorijos liudininku.
Pirmojo pasaulinio karo metais Spilvės pievas naudojo Rusijos kariuomenės oro pajėgos kovoje su vokiečių kariuomene. Sukūrus Latviją, aerodromas tapo svarbiausia šalies oro pajėgų baze ir pilotų poligonu. Ankstesni oro uosto pavadinimai buvo „Spilvės oro uostas“ arba „Rygos oro uostas“, vėliau „Rygos centrinis oro uostas“. Tai buvo pagrindinis oro uostas Latvijoje iki Rygos oro uosto atidarymo 1975 m.
Galbūt prie įspūdingų ne vieno Latvijos piloto pasiekimų prisidėjo prie Rygos esantis Spilvės aerodromas ir svajonė pasiekti žvaigždes. Galbūt, tačiau Latvijos aviacijos užuomazga gerokai senesnė ir ją galima rasti Priekulėje, kur latvių kalvis Zviedris savadarbiu aparatu išskrido iš bažnyčios bokšto.
Šiandien Spilvės oro uostas veikia. Galima pamatyti 1954 metais pastatytą oro uosto pastatą, kuris įkūnija sovietinį klasicizmą arba „Stalino imperijos“ stilių.
Šaltiniai:
Irbītis, K. Latvijos aviacija ir jos pradininkai. Ryga: Mokslas, 2004.
Brūvelis, E. Latvijos aviacijos istorija: 1919-1940. Ryga: Mokslas, 2003.
Oficiali valstybinės agentūros „Civilinės aviacijos agentūra“ svetainė. Prieiga: https://www.caa.gov.lv/lv/latvijas-aviacijas-vesture-isuma [žiūrėta 2021 02 22].
Rumbula Air Base
It is located in the southeast of Riga, in Rumbula, between Maskavas Street and the Daugava River.
In Rumbula there was an air base of the Soviet Army Air Force and a civilian airport next to Riga's main airport in Spilvė. Both airports existed until the opening of the "Riga" airport. Before the Second World War and the occupation of Latvia, the airfield of the Aviation Regiment of the Latvian Army was located in Rumbula.
After World War 2, the Soviet Union began producing jet-powered aircraft, which required longer and smoother runways. Old airfields were expanded and new airfields were built. The changeable weather conditions of the Baltic and the short flight time of the first jet planes were the reason to build many reserve airfields. The noise of the jet planes caused dissatisfaction among the residents of Riga, because the military airfield was too close to residential areas and could create dangerous situations. In 1973, it was closed and the Lielvārde airfield was built in its place, to which fighter planes were transferred. Shortly before the closure, there was an international scandal. A US Air Force officer who was one of the military attachés in Moscow was beaten there. He was allegedly attacked by 14 - 20 airport employees, who suspected that the airport was being photographed.
Today, you can see the abandoned airfield area.
