Southern Latvian Brigade or Separate Latvian Brigade
I Wars of Independence

Atsevišķās latviešu brigādes karavīri 1919. gada pavasarī. Avots: https://www.wiseacres.org.uk/baltic/pix/Balodis-Brigade.jpg

The Southern Latvian Brigade or the Separate Latvian Brigade was part of the Latvian army of the Landeswehr (National Guard), which, after winning the battles of Cēsis and the Strazdumuiža armistice on July 10, 1919, merged with the Northern Latvian Brigade and the German Baltic National Guards to form the Latvian Armed Forces.

On March 21, 1919, in Liepāja, the Minister of Defense of the Provisional Government of Latvia Jānis Zālītis issued Order No. 21. Jānis Balodis was assigned to command the brigade and was promoted to colonel on March 14.

The Southern Latvian brigade continued to participate in the liberation of Kurzeme and Zemgale from the Bolsheviks. On May 18, 1919, in the battle with the captain of Kaugurciems, Pauls Zolta's company, two regiments of the Bolsheviks were forced to resign, and as a result of victory, the Latvian separate brigade liberated the present territory of Jūrmala and on May 22, After the liberation of Riga, new units continued to join the brigade. The brigade did not participate directly in the battles of Cēsis.

In July 1919, when a unified Latvian army was formed, the Southern Latvian Brigade was transformed into the Kurzeme Division.

More information sources

Order of the Minister of Defense of the Provisional Government of Latvia J. Zālītis (No. 21) on the approval of Capt. https://web.archive.org/web/20070531202113/http://www.historia.lv/alfabets/L/la/lat_atsev_bat/dok/1919.03.21.htm

Southern Latvian Brigade. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast Latvia_brig%C4%81de

Eric Jacobson. Latvian War of Independence. The struggle of the Provisional Government of Latvia and its armed forces to ensure the independence of Latvia on November 18, 1918 - August 11, 1920. - National Encyclopedia: https://enciklopedija.lv/skirklis/22216-Latvijas-Neatkar%C4%ABbas-kar%C5%A1

The Struggle for Freedom: The War of Independence of Latvia (1918–1920) in the Documents of the State Historical Archives of Latvia, Part 1, November 18, 1918–1919. April 16, 2006 Ē. Jēkabsons and J. Šiliņš, Riga, National Archives of Latvia, 2019.

The Struggle for Freedom: The War of Independence of Latvia (1918–1920) in the Documents of the State Historical Archive of Latvia ”Part 2. April 16-10, 1919 July, comp. Ē. Jēkabsons and J. Šiliņš, Riga, National Archives of Latvia, 2019.

Related objects

LKOK captain Pauls Zolta's individual burial in Mazsalaca cemetery

The cemetery of Mazsalaca is located

The individual burial of Captain Paul Zolt (1880-1919) can be seen.

On September 9, 1934, a black granite tombstone with a text was unveiled on Zolta's grave.
The name of Captain Zolt is also engraved in a monument in Kaugurciems, where a total of six soldiers of the 2nd or Student Zolt Company of the Separate Student Battalion fell in the battle of May 18, 1919.

Captain Paulis Zolts, commander of the 2nd Company of the Separate Student Battalion of the Latvian Separate Battalion, who fell on Kaugurciems on May 18, 1919, was initially buried in the Brothers' Cemetery near the Ķemeri Lutheran Church. On May 18, 1920, his remains were exhumed and transported to Mazsalaca, where the family was buried in a cemetery on May 25.

North Pier and Battery No.3 in Karosta

The longest pier in Latvia - the Northern Pier - was built at the end of the 19th century as a very important part of the Liepaja Sea Fortress and military port. The length of the pier is 1800 metres, the width - 7.35 metres.

The Northern Pier is one of the first port structures of Emperor Alexander III, built between 1890 and 1892 before the excavation of the Karosta Canal. Together with the North Breakwater, the South Breakwater and the South Pier, the pier formed the outpost of Liepaja.

Liepaja Fortress Battery No 3 was located next to the North Pier of the Karosta and was planned to be the largest in terms of armament. Platforms were built for four 6-inch (152 mm) guns of the 1892 model of the Canet system, five 11-inch (280 mm) guns of the 1887 model and two 57 mm Nordenfeld anti-tank guns, as well as 18 9-inch (229 mm) guns and mortars.

Today, Battery 3 is most affected by the prevailing south-north sea current, which creates a whirlpool effect behind the North Pier, resulting in the washouts of the gun platform foundations.

The North Pier protects the Liepaja harbour area from North Westerly winds. It is a favourite place for residents and visitors to Liepaja to watch sunsets, fish and watch the sea in different weather conditions. Especially spectacular during storms.

There is ample parking at the North Pier. There are also restrooms and a café with a unique sea view.

Karosta, the Military port of Liepāja (tour)

The Karosta is the largest historical military territory in the Baltics and occupies almost one third of the entire territory of Liepāja. The Karosta is a unique compound of military and fortification buildings on the shores of the Baltic Sea with a special meaning in the history and architecture of Latvia and the world. The Karosta features such military heritage sites as the North Pier and forts, the Redan, Karosta Prison, Karosta Water Tower, St. Nicholas Orthodox Maritime Cathedral, Oskars Kalpaks Bridge and others.

Monument to Captain Zolt and student soldiers

Located in the town of Sloka in Jurmala by the Gulf of Riga in the dunes of Kaugurciems.

The memorial was erected in 1934, destroyed during the Soviet occupation, and restored in 1989. In the morning of May 18, 1919, a battle took place in Kaugurciems between the Latvian national force, the company led by Captain Paul Zolt (~ 145 men) and the Red Army troops. The event is special in that the fight took place in the most unfavorable conditions, demonstrating military courage and faith in the Latvian state.

During the night before the battle, a storm broke out and the positions and weapons were blown up with sand. In addition, inappropriate ammunition was received. As the opponent attacked, Captain Zolta's soldiers counterattacked at a crucial time, using rifles and winning the victory.

Zolt was an experienced Latvian officer who participated in the Russian-Japanese, World War I and Latvian War of Independence. His brother was also a soldier, while his son was a paramedic in the Latvian Legion of the German Army during World War II and fell, removing a severely wounded soldier.

Today you can see a memorial site created on the battlefield. It is surrounded by a beautiful seaside forest and the sea, allowing you to explore history in a pleasant environment.

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